Mount Horeb Earthworks Complex

Mount Horeb Earthworks Complex
Location

Coordinates
Period	Adena culture
Country	United States
Region	Fayette County, Kentucky

The Mount Horeb Earthworks Complex is an Adena culture group of earthworks in Fayette County, Kentucky. It consists of two major components, the Mount Horeb Site 1 and the Peter Village enclosure, and several smaller features including the Grimes Village site, Tarleton Mound, and Fisher Mound.^[1] The Peter Village and Grimes Village enclosures were mapped by Rafinesque and featured in Squier and Davis's landmark publication Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley in 1848 as Plate XIV Figures 3 and 4.^[2]

1 Mount Horeb Site 1
2 Peter Village enclosure
3 Images in Squier and Davis
4 See also
5 References
6 External links

Mount Horeb Site 1

This site is the center piece of the University of Kentuckys Adena Park and is located on a bank 75 feet (23 m) above Elkhorn Creek. It is a perfectly circlular 105 feet (32 m) diameter platform, surrounded by a 45 feet (14 m) wide ditch and a 13 feet (4.0 m) wide enclosure with a 33 feet (10 m) wide entryway facing to the west. In 1939 the site was excavated by William S. Webb and the Works Projects Administration. They discovered the remains of a 97 feet (30 m) diameter circular wooden structure on the platform, which Webb speculated was a ceremonial center for a nearby clan. In 1936 the site and 6 acres (24,000 m²) were paid for through private dontations and transferred to the Kentucky Archaeological Society. It is currently owned and operated by the University of Kentucky as part of the Campus Recreation Department.^[1]

Peter Village enclosure

The earliest occupation at this site is 300 to 200 BCE and is considered to be a pre-Adena site for harvesting and processing galena, which occurs naturally nearby. At this time the site had an earthen enclosure and a palisade and later a 2 meter deep ditch.^[3] Rafinesque described the site as a twenty sided icosogonal polygon 3,767 feet (1,148 m) long with a 15 feet (4.6 m) wide 4 feet (1.2 m) to 8 feet (2.4 m) deep ditch surrounding it. An entryway to the enclosure was located to the south.^[1]

Images in Squier and Davis

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Susan L. Woodward and Jerry N. McDonald (2002). Indian Mounds of the Middle Ohio Valley. McDonald and Woodward Publishing. pp. 109–113. ISBN 0-939923-72-6.
^ E. G. Squier and E. H. Davis (1848). Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley. Smithsonian Institution.
^ Lewis, R. Barry (1996). Kentucky Archaeology. University Press of Kentucky. pp. 99–100. ISBN 0-8131-1907-3.

External links

Adena Culture

List of Adena culture sites · Woodland period · Mound builder (people) · List of archaeological periods (North America)

Ohio Sites	Adena Mound · Austin Brown Mound · Arledge Mounds I and II · Beam Farm · Clemmons Mound · Conrad Mound Archeological Site · Coon Hunters Mound · George Deffenbaugh Mound · Enon Mound · Fortner Mounds · Great Mound · Highbanks Metropolitan Park Mounds I and II · Hillside Haven Mound · Hodgen's Cemetery Mound · Horn Mound · Hurley Mound · Jackson Mound · Karshner Mound · Kinzer Mound · Luthor List Mound · Miamisburg Mound · Odd Fellows' Cemetery Mound · Old Maid's Orchard Mound · Orators Mound · Carl Potter Mound · Reeves Mound · D.S. Rose Mound · Ross Trails Adena Circle · Short Woods Park Mound · Snead Mound · Spruce Run Earthworks · David Stitt Mound · Story Mound (Cincinnati) · Story Mound (Chillicothe) · Wolf Plains Group · Zaleski Mound Group

Kentucky Sites	Biggs Site · Gaitskill Mound · Mount Horeb Earthworks Complex · Round Hill Mound ·

West Virginia Sites	Criel Mound · Grave Creek Mound ·

Indiana Sites	Mounds State Park ·

Related topics · Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley · burial mound · Eastern Agricultural Complex · Hopewell tradition

Pre-Columbian North America

Archaeological cultures	North American pre-Columbian chronology – Adena – Alachua – Ancient Pueblo (Anasazi) – Baytown – Belle Glade – Buttermilk Creek Complex – Caborn-Welborn – Calf Creek – Caloosahatchee – Clovis – Coles Creek – Deptford – Folsom – Fort Ancient – Fort Walton – Fremont – Glades – Glacial Kame – Hopewell (List of Hopewell sites) – Hohokam – Leon-Jefferson – Mississippian (List of Mississippian sites) – Mogollon – Monongahela – Old Cordilleran – Oneota – Paleo-Arctic – Paleo-Indians – Patayan – Plano – Plaquemine – Poverty Point – Prehistoric Southwest – Red Ocher – Santa Rosa-Swift Creek – St. Johns – Steed-Kisker – Tchefuncte – Tocobaga – Troyville

Archaeological sites	Angel Mounds – Bandelier National Monument – The Bluff Point Stoneworks – Cahokia – Chaco Canyon – Casa Grande – Coso Rock Art District – Eaker – Effigy Mounds National Monument – Etowah Indian Mounds – Eva – Folsom Site – Fort Ancient – Fort Center – Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument – Holly Bluff Site – Hopewell Culture National Historical Park – Kincaid Mounds – Kolomoki – Manitou Cliff Dwellings – Marksville – Meadowcroft Rockshelter – Mesa Verde – Moorehead Circle – Moundville – Mummy Cave – Nodena Site – Ocmulgee National Monument – Old Stone Fort – Parkin Park – Pinson Mounds – Portsmouth Earthworks – Poverty Point – Pueblo Bonito – Rock Eagle – Rock Hawk – Salmon Ruins – Serpent Mound – Spiro Mounds – SunWatch – Taos Pueblo – Toltec Mounds – Town Creek Indian Mound – Winterville

Miscellaneous	Ballgame – Black drink – Buhl woman – Calumet – Chunkey – Clovis point – Container Revolution – Eastern Agricultural Complex – Eden point – Effigy mound – Falcon dancer – Folsom point – Green Corn Ceremony – Horned Serpent – Kennewick man – Kiva – Metallurgy – Mi'kmaq hieroglyphic writing – Medicine wheel – Mound builders – N.A.G.P.R.A. – Norse colonization of the Americas – Piasa – Pueblo dwellings – Southeastern Ceremonial Complex – Three Sisters agriculture – Thunderbird – Underwater panther

Related: Genetic history · Indigenous Portal of North America · Pre-Columbian era